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Thus arguments about the nature of the Angevin empire do not seem relevant in Geoffrey's case. Until the death of the Young King Henry, at least, Geoffrey's position is quite clear. He was destined from infancy to be duke of Brittany. He was to hold Brittany of the Young King as duke of Normandy, an arrangement which was clearly intended to survive Henry II's death. Geoffrey rendered homage for Brittany to the Young King in 1169 and again in January 1183. This was no more than the fulfillment of the tradition, nurtured by Henry II, of the subordination of the duke of Brittany to the duke of Normandy. Henry II cannot have intended that Brittany should be held independently of Normandy, that is, directly of the king of France, otherwise Geoffrey would have rendered homage to the king of France, instead of to the Young King, in 1169 and 1183. Geoffrey and his heirs were, therefore, destined to hold Brittany of Henry II's eldest surviving son and his heirs. Geoffrey can have had no realistic ambitions beyond this.